Intellectual Property Strategist
Pratap Devarapalli
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Pratap Devarapalli
Pratap is an IP Strategist and Patent researcher. He has expertise in dealing with Intellectual Property issues in relation to emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), 3D bioprinting and synthetic biology. He is currently a Postdoctoral fellow at TC Bernie School of Law, University of Queensland, Australia. Pratap pursued his PhD from the Centre for Law and Genetics, University of Tasmania, Australia where his research was focused on "Patenting issues related to Bioprinted tissues and Bioinks." In 2018, he was invited by Govt. of Japan to assist the Japanese Patent Office (JPO) in harmonizing of Japanese Patent Law in relation AI. In 2017, he completed his Master of Law (LLM) in Intellectual Property from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Geneva and the Queensland University of Technology, Australia. He is the recipient of the prestigious International Fellowship offered by WIPO. He holds a Master's degree in Genomics from the Central University of Kerala, India and a Bachelor’s degree in Biotechnology, Microbiology, and Chemistry from Acharya Nagarjuna University, India. Pratap also holds a Postgraduate Diploma in Patent informatics from the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at the CSIR Unit of Research and Development of Information Products (URDIP), India and worked as a Patent researcher in the same.
Pratap pursued his Postgraduate Diploma in Patinformatics from Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at CSIR Unit of Research and Development of Information Products. Simultaneously, he pursued his Postgraduate Diploma in Patent Law from the National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR).
International Fellowship by World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
FEBRUARY 2017
International Fellowship under Indo-Denmark Flagship project, Demark
FEBRUARY 2013
ACHIEVEMENTS
Invited Researcher
Institute of Intellectual property, Japanese Patent Office
JULY 2018
Pratap's Latest Research
Abstract
Machine learning is a major class of artificial intelligence that enables machines to learn from their experiences without being explicitly programmed. The programs and machines that are equipped with this path-breaking technology have been producing creative works that have given rise to one of the major research questions of this article: “Who owns the rights over intelligent machine-created works?” This article has tried to answer this question by interpreting the copyright laws of different jurisdictions from an authorship and ownership perspective. Secondly, it provides an analysis of the case law of different jurisdictions that have defined copyright ownership and authorship with respect to machine-generated works. Additionally, this article sheds some light on different arguments and expert opinions in relation to the authorship and ownership aspects of works generated by artificial intelligence systems. Finally, this article provides the author’s opinions and recommendations in relation to the issue and proposes a future model for the protection of creative works generated by intelligent machines.
Abstract
Patenting bioinformatic inventions has become a ride on the rail to the scientists and inventors. Specifically
in bioinformatics, drafting an invention in bounds of patentability criteria is one the most critical task for an
inventor to protect his invention. As bioinformatics is a budding field of science, patentable subject matter in bioinformatics was not specifically defined by most of the patent offices in the world. In this regard, we have tried to explain the patentable subject matter in bioinformatics by classifying bioinformatics into different subject fields. Additionally, we have tried to trace out the patentable subject matter for bioinformatic inventions based on country specific patentability standards and granted bioinformatic patents of US, Europe, India, Canada and Australia.
Abstract
Patenting medical therapeutic methods has become one of the toughest tasks for inventors and scientists in some jurisdictions where these methods are excluded from patentable subject matter. There are recent amendments by different countries in relation to patentability aspects of Therapeutic methods. In this scenario, analysis of these recent amendments would provide a path for researchers in the field to identify whether their inventions are considered as patentable subject matter. Our analysis sheds some light on different statutes and regulations of major jurisdictions on the patentable subject matter and patentability aspects of therapeutic methods. Furthermore, we have identified that most of the jurisdictions restrict inventors in patenting therapeutic methods. However, some countries such as United States and Australia allow patents related to therapeutic methods. We think adapting different strategies that are provided in this article would help researchers, inventors and patent attorneys in patenting the inventions related to therapeutic methods. Moreover, while applying the provided strategies, it is suggested that inventors should draft the patent claims by keeping a note of different statutes and regulations of countries in which they are interested to file the patent applications.
Bioethanol is considered as one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels as unwanted biomass is converted into fuel ethanol. As there is increasing demand for fuel ethanol, researchers have started looking for some better ways to produce ethanol. In light of the present scenario, we have attempted to develop a global patent landscape view of xylose utilization in ethanol production. Our country-specific patent analysis has revealed that most of the research on xylose-utilizing ethanol production is carried out in the USA followed by China and Sweden. Moreover, it has been found that more patent applications/grants have been claimed for processes, followed by recombinant strains. Patent publication trends for genes and enzymes have shown that most of the research is focused on the xylA gene and xylulokinase. Assignee patenting trends suggest that Du Pont is the major player in xylose-utilizing ethanol production research. Additionally, analysis based on micro-organisms used in xylose-utilizing ethanol production revealed that most of the research has been performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae to enhance the ethanol yields.
Turritopsis nutricula (T. nutricula) is the one of the known reported organisms that can revert its life cycle to the polyp stage even after becoming sexually mature, defining itself as the only immortal organism in the animal kingdom. Therefore, the animal is having prime importance in basic biological, aging, and biomedical researches. However, till date, the genome of this organism has not been sequenced and even there is no molecular phylogenetic study to reveal its close relatives. Here, using phylogenetic analysis based on available 16s rRNA gene and protein sequences of Cytochrome oxidase subunit-I (COI or COX1) of T. nutricula, we have predicted the closest relatives of the organism. While we found Nemopsis bachei could be closest organism based on COX1 gene sequence; T. dohrnii may be designated as the closest taxon to T.nutricula based on rRNA. Moreover, we have figured out four species that showed similar root distance based on COX1 protein sequence.
